Mentre viene dimenticata troppo spesso, la temperatura della acqua di irrigazione (se si utilizza concimi solidi) o soluzione nutritiva (se si usa concime liquido) rappresenta un fattore importante per le piante per sviluppare correttamente radici e per una crescita adatta ed una buona fioritura, tanto più se si parla di coltura idroponica o aeroponica.
Molti coltivatori novizi non tengono conto di questo fatto e non si preoccupano nemmeno di misurare la temperatura dell’acqua con cui irrigano le piante, che spesso si traduce in problemi che hanno spesso una diagnosi errata, che aggrava ulteriormente la situazione.
Le piante non radicate bene, con una crescita troppo lenta ed anche carenze nutrizionali e fiori poveri possono essere tutti sintomi di una temperatura di irrigazione inadeguata.
Se noi siamo fortunati ad essere in grado di utilizzare l’acqua del rubinetto per irrigare le nostre talee o semi di marijuana , dobbiamo sempre tener conto della differenza di temperatura che viene fuori in inverno e in estate, come se stiamo usando tubi su colture all’aperto.
In inverno può congelarsi nei tubi (compresi i tubi) durante le ore più fresche della giornata, e l’acqua che esce durante le ore più calde della giornata non raggiunge la giusta temperatura per l’irrigazione. Al contrario, in estate l’acqua è molto più calda che in inverno, ad una temperatura adatta in molti casi del rubinetto.
Diamo un’occhiata a ciò che sono i problemi derivati da una temperatura troppo alta o bassa, e qual è la gamma di temperature di irrigazione che dovremmo usare.
Questo cuore non ha sviluppato adeguatamente per via del freddo eccessivo
I sintomi dell’acqua di irrigazione troppo calda
Anche se è un problema molto meno probabile rispetto all’acqua fredda, a seconda sulle condizioni climatiche o circostanze può essere il caso che l’acqua di irrigazione raggiunga temperature troppo elevate. Se questo accade, vedremo generalmente un ristagno nello sviluppo delle piante, che non possono assimilare nutrienti correttamente a causa della mancanza di ossigeno nell’acqua. Queste carenze saranno quasi impossibili da correggere se la temperatura della acqua di irrigazione (e la zona radicale in generale) non è tagliata per molti fertilizzanti utilizzati.
Un altro problema che può apparire come grave o più di quello precedente, è lo sviluppo di funghi nel terreno e nelle radici.
Se le infezioni fungine nelle foglie e germogli rappresentano spesso un serio mal di testa nella zona radicale sono, in molti casi, semplicemente letali, e irrigare con acqua troppo calda è qualcosa da evitare in tutti i tempi.
Si può risolvere con metodi diversi per la casa, anche se come sempre il materiale professionale è quello che funziona meglio: il semplice uso di aria condizionata nella cultura locale, spesso risolve questo problema, anche se ci sono anche refrigeratori d’acqua che mantengono essa ad una temperatura costante impostata dall’utente.
Se si tratta di coltivazione di cannabis all’aperto , evitate irrigazione durante le ore più calde della giornata, è sempre meglio farlo al tramonto , o, preferibilmente all’alba.
I sintomi dell’acqua di irrigazione troppo fredda nella coltivazione di cannabis
Ciò rappresenta un problema molto più comune in molte colture, dato che in molte parti dell’anno l’acqua lascia il rubinetto a temperatura troppo bassa, soprattutto perché si è in inverno.
Uno dei primi sintomi che possono essere visti è lo sviluppo di steli e piccioli viola , probabilmente a causa di una mancanza di fosforo(questo elemento, per esempio, non viene assorbito correttamente a 15 C e si ferma a circa 10 ° C) combinata con foglie appositamente scure.
La crescita delle piante in generale è influenzata, e presto appariranno carenze di altri nutrienti come magnesio o azoto.
Durante la fioritura, questo può portare a scarso sviluppo dei germogli (anche se la produzione di resina, curiosamente, di solito non è troppo influenzata, come accade nelle colture fuori stagione), il che implica un cattivo raccolto.
Per evitare questo è sufficiente utilizzare un serbatoio per immagazzinare l’acqua o la soluzione nutritiva e dove è necessario mettere un riscaldatore di acqua , che permetterà di regolare la sua temperatura alla nostra volontà.
In queste piante l’acqua di irrigazione era di circa 15 ° C
Ossigeno e temperatura dell’acqua
Come tutti sappiamo, l’acqua è composta da idrogeno e ossigeno.
Ma il contenuto di ossigeno disciolto nell’acqua non è sempre lo stesso, dipende principalmente dalla temperatura e pressione atmosferica, e da altri fattori secondari.
Tale quantità di ossigeno disciolto influisce notevolmente sulle piante, perché esso determina la quantità di nutrienti che può assimilare e quindi molto dello sviluppo della pianta in generale, sia la parte aerea e la zona principale.
Così l’ossigeno presente nell’acqua e la temperatura sono due fattori che vanno insieme a svolgere un ruolo essenziale per un buon raccolto.
E’ per questo motivo che molti buoni coltivatori ossigenano la soluzione nutritiva (o solo acqua) prima di annaffiare, sia con l’ausilio di pompe ad aria e pietre d’aria, con le compresse di ossigeno, ricircolo dei sistemi.
Questi coltivatori sanno che garantendo un notevole contenuto di ossigeno nell’acqua di irrigazione si influenza direttamente le rese delle colture, oltre naturalmente a fare in modo di mantenere l’acqua di irrigazione in campo ad una temperatura accettabile.
Il livello di ossigeno nell’acqua dipende da altri fattori, ad una misura minore; la presenza di popolazioni significative di batteri nell’acqua provoca una diminuzione dell’ossigeno necessario per loro per sviluppare la loro attività. Per contro, le piante acquatiche rilasciano ossigeno nell’acqua attraverso la fotosintesi, anche se le soluzioni che abbiamo citato sono certamente più fattibili nel nostro caso.
Nella tabella si può vedere il contenuto di ossigeno disciolto in parti per milione rispetto alla temperatura dell’acqua:
Temperatura e la quantità di ossigeno nell’acqua
Irrigazione temperatura ideale per la coltivazione di cannabis
Come si può vedere il contenuto di ossigeno in acqua diminuisce con l’aumentare della temperatura , ma questo non vuol dire che più ossigeno uguale migliore crescita, ma che è meglio trovare la giusta concentrazione, come vedremo.
Tipicamente da 30 ° C l’acqua ha un contenuto di ossigeno troppo povero per essere adatto per l’irrigazione, soprattutto nel caso di piante di cannabis. Al contrario, sappiamo che con temperature di circa 15 ° C può già essere osservata carenza nella assimilazione di determinate sostanze nutritive, così la logica indica che si è in questo intervallo (15-30 ° C), dove si avvia la ricerca per la nostra temperatura ideale.
Una corretta temperatura nell’ambiente e nell’acqua di irrigazione fornisce grandi raccolti
Oggi sappiamo che la maggior parte delle piante si sviluppano correttamente con l’acqua tra i 20 ed i 25 gradi, ed anche grazie all’esperienza di molti produttori, anche con acqua a circa 18-19 ºC, che può sviluppare migliori radici anche se l’assorbimento nutriente è leggermente inferiore, in modo che la radicazione di talee di marijuana sarà più facile.
Tuttavia fino a circa 23 ° C l’assorbimento dei nutrienti è alto.
Così la temperatura ottimale per l’acqua di irrigazione è compresa tra 20 e 23 ° C circa.
Oltre ad una temperatura adatta, che facilmente si ottiene con l’aiuto di un termometro ad acqua a basso costo ed un riscaldatore, ricordate che un apporto supplementare di ossigeno alla soluzione nutritiva non va male, anzi è molto utile.
Saremo felici di rispondere ai vostri commenti!
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FONTE
- Philosopherseeds.com
- fonte originale
- http://www.philosopherseeds.com/blog/temperatura-agua-cultivo-cannabis/
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