ACARI O RAGNETTI ROSSI
I ragnetti rossi sono di gran lunga i parassiti peggiori,in quanto sono molto resistenti e difficili da eliminare e possono quasi uccidere una qualsiasi pianta.
Sono molto più attivi nei climi caldi piuttosto che in quelli freddi.
Succhiano la linfa dalle foglie lasciando un caratteristico puntino bianco.
Il danno causato è uguale a quello dei tripidi,ma mentre gli acari perforano la superficie della foglia i tripidi mangiano la superficie della clorofilla.
Ci si accorge della presenza di acari in quanto la pianta crescerà distorta,con internodi e piccioli accorciati.
In caso di grave infestazione potrete vedere piccole ragnatele sulla pianta al cui interno vi sono larve che presto diventeranno acari adulti.
Molte volte il problema si presenta quando si utilizzano terricci non sterilizzati.
La maggior parte dei marchi produttori di terreni non dichiara se il terreno è stato sterilizzato o meno,quindi più che altro potete orientarvi a seconda del prezzo.I terreni economici difficilmente sono sterilizzati.
Anche portare piante dall’esterno all’interno è un buon modo per diffondere il ragnetto rosso all’intera coltivazione.
Gli acari vivono sulla pianta e per la maggior parte del tempo sotto le foglie.A volte sono così piccoli che non è possibile distinguerli ad occhio nudo.
Al fine di sbarazzarsi degli acari uno dei modi per cominciare è usare i NO-PEST STRIP (che sconsiglio,perchè funzionano rilasciando vapori tossici per i parassiti…ma anche per gli altri esseri viventi)
Anche l’olio di neem aiuta nella disinfestazione.
Aumentare l’umidità il più possibile nella stanza di coltivazione vi permetterà di ucciderne molti,in quanto non avendo un sistema respiratorio,assorbono l’aria direttamente dall’epidermide…in poche parole scoppieranno per la troppa acqua assorbita o soffocheranno non riuscendo a respirare.
Usare una soluzione a base di tabacco e polvere di peperoncino aiuta nella disinfestazione.
Il piretro deve essere usato solo in casi particolari.Non fa molto contro i ragnetti e decade molto velocemente.
Dato che i ragnetti sono molto resistenti ai comuni prodotti,dovrete usarne diversi fino a che non avrete la migliore,uccidendoli tutti.
Assicuratevi di ripetere il trattamento periodicamente altrimenti i ragnetti potrebbero diventare resistenti al principio attivo e voi vi ritroverete con un problema ancora più grosso tra le mani.
Non lasciate girare animali come gatti e cani tra le piante se questi possono essere stati precedentemente all’esterno.Potrebbero essere trasportatori di uova e\o acari adulti.
Un prodotto che dovrebbe funzionare bene contro i ragnetti è l’ SMC(spider mite control)
Usare un sapone potassico e\o silicato di sodio aiuta nella disinfestazione…il primo rendendo più efficace l’appliacazione del persticida e il secondo perchè rinforza meccanicamente,rendendo più spessa e dura la superficie delle foglie.Il primo va usato in aggiunta al pesticida da spruzzare sulla pianta.Il secondo va somministrato per via radicale.
Anche un estratto a base di ortica dovrebbe essere efficace e soprattutto naturale.
Un rimedio totalmente naturale per eliminare gli acari è usare altri acari predatori che si cibano degli altri e che non si nutrono di clorofilla.
NOTA BENE: qui sotto ci sono dei modi per eliminare gli acari…ma non ci sono mai due infestazioni identiche…quindi dovrete usare vari prodotti per la completa disinfestazione.
Inoltre controllare almeno per un mese dopo che pensiate di aver risolto il problema,perchè in caso si ripresentino potrebbero essere diventati resistenti a uno o più principi attivi.
Assicuratevi di spruzzare bene tutta la pianta da cima a fondo,sopra e sotto.
Qui ci sono alcuni prodotti utili per combattere il ragnetto rosso:
SMC
Estratto di ortica
Olio di neem
Piretro
Sapone insetticida
Infuso di tabacco e peperoncino
Qualsiasi prodotto che abbia al suo interno DICOFOL dovrebbe funzionare egregiamente.
Antagonisti naturali:
Tra i nemici naturali vanno ricordati:
• Acari Fitoseidi dei generi Amblyseius e Neoseius.
• Antocoridi del genere Orius.
• Tisanotteri (Aeolothrips intermedius).
• Ditteri Cecidomidi e Coleotteri Stafilinidi (genere Oligota).
Altri prodotti CHIMICI (SCONSIGLIATI!):
• Esitazox, un acaricida specifico attivo su uova e stadi giovani;
• Propargite, anch’esso acaricida attivo sulle forme mobili;
• Tau-fluvalinate, Endosulfan, insetticidi con azione collaterale acaricida.
Quando usate pesticidi leggete sempre il tempo di carenza indicato sul foglio illustrativo e se siete in fioritura prendete le dovute precauzioni.
Ricetta dell’infuso di tabacco
prendete tre sigarette forti e lasciate il tabacco in ammollo per una notte.
Poi fate bollire per 2 o 3 minuti la soluzione ottenuta e spruzzate sulle piante tre o quattro volte alla settimana.
Si può aggiungere a questa soluzione anche un sapone insetticida e\o peperoncino.
Ricordatevi di usare dei guanti,mascherina ed occhiali durante l’uso.
L’ultima risorsa è quella di usare un insetticida chiamato AVID.
L’olio di neem può rivelarsi molto efficace a patto che lo si usi nel modo più appropriato.
Spruzzare tutte le parti della pianta,avendo cura di non lasciarne scoperte.Sopra e sotto le foglie,sullo stelo e dovunque possano nascondersi gli acari.
Ripetere il trattamento ALMENO 4 o 5 volte altrimenti i ragnetti riappariranno.
(Grazie di nuovo a FILIMAGNO. ) Ringraziamo ICMAG per le nozioni importanti diffuse.
OLI VEGETALI ED ESSENZIALI
Esistono tantissimi oli essenziali che possono aiutare a ridurre la diffusione dei ragnetti rossi, attaccando il loro sistema nervoso centrale.
L’olio di neem (estratto dalle noci dell’albero di neem), è ritenuto ottimo per uccidere gli acari. È il tipo di olio più comunemente usato per eliminare i ragnetti rossi. Tuttavia, esistono molti altri oli efficaci, tra cui:
- Olio di eucalipto
- Olio di cannella
- Olio di limone
- Olio di menta
- Olio di rosmarino
Questi oli essenziali possono essere mescolati ad acqua ed applicati liberamente alle piante. Tuttavia, molti di questi oli sono estremamente aromatici. È quindi opportuno evitare il contatto diretto con le gemme della pianta, per non alterarne il gusto o l’aroma.
In alternativa, potete trattare regolarmente le vostre piante con oli vegetali. Vi consigliamo in particolare l’olio di canola, l’olio di semi di soia, e l’olio di cotone.
FONTE: ICMAG
Presidente Associazione No Profit FreeWeed Board
Mail: direzione@freeweed.it
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