Codice della strada, caos e critiche dopo la circolare ministeriale: il tentativo di chiarire il nuovo art. 187 genera nuove polemiche

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La nuova circolare: più confusione che chiarezza

Una circolare diffusa congiuntamente dai ministeri della Salute e dell’Interno ha cercato di fare ordine sul controverso articolo 187 del nuovo Codice della strada.

L’obiettivo dichiarato è quello di stabilire parametri più precisi per identificare la guida sotto l’effetto di sostanze stupefacenti.

Il testo afferma chiaramente che non sarà più considerato valido il semplice esame delle urine per accertare l’infrazione.

Secondo la circolare, sarà necessario provare un rapporto temporale diretto tra l’assunzione della sostanza e la guida.

Il concetto chiave è quello di “perdurante influenza”, ovvero la dimostrazione che gli effetti della sostanza siano ancora attivi al momento del controllo stradale.

Un punto che contrasta con l’impostazione originaria della norma, che invece sembrava punire qualsiasi positività, anche lontana nel tempo rispetto alla guida.

Questo scollamento tra testo normativo e applicazione operativa ha generato nuove critiche da parte di esperti e giuristi.


Urine escluse, ma i problemi restano

Tra gli elementi di maggiore impatto della circolare c’è l’esclusione ufficiale delle analisi urinarie, ritenute inadeguate per la rilevazione di sostanze in tempo reale.

La scelta è motivata dalla lunga permanenza dei metaboliti nel corpo, che può superare anche i sette giorni.

Si punta quindi su esami della saliva o del sangue, considerati più affidabili per valutare l’effettiva influenza della sostanza al momento della guida.

Ma proprio questi metodi aprono nuovi scenari problematici: anche in saliva o sangue, le tracce di cannabinoidi possono resistere per molte ore, senza che ci sia un effetto psicoattivo in corso.

Il rischio concreto è quello di punire conducenti non alterati, basandosi su residui non più attivi.

Questo paradosso alimenta le polemiche e rafforza l’idea che la normativa sia stata costruita in modo affrettato, senza consultare pienamente la comunità scientifica.


Un ricorso porta il caso alla Consulta

Il dibattito legale ha subito un’accelerazione dopo il caso di una giovane insegnante, fermata e risultata positiva ai cannabinoidi.

Elena Tuniz, questo il suo nome, si è vista ritirare la patente dopo un malore, nonostante fosse in terapia prescritta con cannabis medica per curare l’epilessia.

La scoperta ha sollevato proteste da parte di numerose associazioni, tra cui Meglio Legale, che hanno denunciato l’assurdità di un sistema che penalizza anche i pazienti sotto controllo medico.

Il caso ha portato alla presentazione di un ricorso per legittimità costituzionale, che ora sarà esaminato dalla Corte.

Un possibile punto di svolta in una vicenda che continua a sollevare domande sulla proporzionalità e la coerenza delle nuove norme.


Analisi in breve

Il tentativo di chiarire il nuovo articolo 187 con una circolare ministeriale sembra aver accentuato le ambiguità della norma, anziché risolverle.

L’esclusione dei test urinari è un passo verso una maggiore correttezza scientifica, ma non basta a evitare sanzioni ingiuste.

La permanenza delle sostanze nel sangue o nella saliva può compromettere l’equità dei controlli, mentre casi come quello di Elena Tuniz mettono in luce le criticità etiche e legali della riforma.

Sarà ora la Corte Costituzionale a dover fare chiarezza, ma intanto, per migliaia di conducenti, il rischio di sanzioni sproporzionate resta alto.


Commento personale
Credo che il nuovo Codice della strada, nato con l’intenzione di rendere le strade più sicure, rischi di trasformarsi in uno strumento punitivo che non distingue tra abuso e terapia.
Un approccio più scientifico, accompagnato da un confronto reale con medici e giuristi, sarebbe stato necessario per evitare una normativa che oggi appare tanto rigida quanto contraddittoria.

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Steven Weaponrise - Political Oversight

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